![]() An unequal distribution of these two ions Two ions are responsible: sodium (Na+) and What factors contribute to this membrane potential? It is called a RESTING potential because it occurs when a membrane isīeing stimulated or conducting impulses (in other words, it's resting). Means that the inside is negative relative to (or compared to) the So, the RESTING MEMBRANE POTENTIAL is expressed as -70 mV, and the (with the INSIDE of the membrane negative with respect to the outside). This POTENTIAL generally measures about 70 Of ions (atoms with a positive or negative charge) on the two sides of Membranes are polarized or, in other words, exhibit a RESTING This opens more voltage-gated ion channels in the adjacent membrane, and so a wave of depolarization courses along the cell - the action potential.Īs the action potential nears its peak, the sodium gates close, and potassium gates open, allowing ions to flow out of the cell to restore the normal potential of the membrane (c) (Gutkin and Ermentrout 2006).Įstablishment of the Resting Membrane Potential ![]() Sodium ions flood into the cell, completely depolarizing the membrane (b). Once the potential difference reaches a threshold voltage, the reduced voltage causes hundreds of sodium gates in that region of the membrane to open briefly. So sodium ions flow into the cell, reducing the voltage across the membrane. ![]() For example, neurotransmitters interact specifically with sodium channels (or gates). In neurons, stimuli can alter this potential difference by opening sodium channels in the membrane. The membranes of all nerve cells have a potential difference across them, with the cell interior negative with respect to the exterior (a).
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